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【目的】亚临界燃煤机组在可再生能源高比例接入电力系统条件下存在调频速度不足的问题。为提升亚临界燃煤机组的调频响应能力，并在兼顾热经济性的前提下增强机组运行灵活性，提出一种基于高压加热器抽汽调节的负荷快速提升方案。【方法】本文以某300 MW亚临界燃煤机组为研究对象，基于Modelica编程语言构建锅炉-汽轮机-回热系统的全系统动态耦合模型，并在75%汽轮机热耗保证工况（turbine heat acceptance,THA）与50%THA工况下完成设计值对比验证。在此基础上，对全系统75%THA工况开展研究，动态模拟和分析不同高压加热器抽汽切除方案对负荷响应、给水温度、热耗率及对回热系统运行参数的影响，并进一步提出“前定值-后反馈”的高压加热器组合控制策略。【结果】研究表明，在75%THA工况下，0号高压加热器抽汽切除可在160 s内实现相对初始负荷4.5%的跃升，其响应速度为1号高压加热器的3倍；与此同时，机组热耗率由7 842.81 kJ/（kW·h）增加至7 848.63 kJ/（kW·h），增幅仅为0.074 2%。采用组合控制策略后，机组热耗率增幅进一步降至0.031 5%,0号高压加热器抽汽量变化也由-8.47 kg/s减小至-7.01 kg/s，抽汽扰动明显下降。此外，除氧器水位、凝汽器水位及主蒸汽温度均维持在安全运行区间。【结论】高压加热器抽汽调节能在确保热经济性与运行安全的同时显著提升机组负荷响应速度与调节灵活性。本文所提出的组合调节策略有效改善了系统能量利用与动态稳定性，为高压加热器抽汽调节在燃煤机组灵活性提升中的工程应用提供了方法参考。
Abstract：[Objective] To address the insufficient frequency regulation speed of subcritical coal-fired power units under high renewable energy penetration, a high-pressure heater extraction steam regulation strategy is proposed to enhance the unit's load response flexibility. [Methods] A fully coupled dynamic model of the boiler–turbine–regenerative system is developed using Modelica and validated against design data under 75%THA and 50%THA operating conditions. On this basis, dynamic simulations are conducted at 75%THA to evaluate the effects of different HP-heater extraction-steam cut-off schemes on load response, feedwater temperature, heatrate variation, and regenerative-system operating parameters. Furthermore, a “preset – feedback” combined control strategy for HP-heater extraction regulation is designed. [Results] Under the 75%THA condition, cutting off extraction steam of the No.0 HP heater enables a 4.5% relative load rise within 160 s, with a response speed three times that of the No. 1 HP heater. Meanwhile, the unit heat rate increases from 7 842.81 kJ/(kW·h)-¹ to 7 848.63 kJ/(kW·h)-¹, corresponding to a marginal rise of only 0.0742%. With the proposed combined control strategy, the heat-rate increase is further reduced to 0.0315%, and the extraction-steam change of the No. 0 HP heater decreases from-8.47 kg/s to-7.01 kg/s, indicating significantly weakened extraction disturbances. In addition, the deaerator level, condenser level, and main-steam temperature remain within safe operating limits. [Conclusion] The extraction regulation of high-pressure heater can significantly improve the load response speed and regulation flexibility of the unit while ensuring thermal economy and operation safety. The proposed combined regulation strategy effectively improves the energy utilization and dynamic stability of the system, and provides a method reference for the engineering application of high-pressure heater extraction steam regulation in the flexibility improvement of coal-fired units.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.01.013
中图分类号:TM621
引用信息:
[1]陈煦,王兴,王春,等.亚临界燃煤机组高加抽汽调节建模与动态模拟[J].电力科技与环保,2026,42(01):126-136.DOI:10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.01.013.
基金信息:
国能南京电力试验有限公司项目(DY2024Y02); 国家能源集团科技创新项目(GJNY-23-68)
2026-02-12
2026-02-12