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【目的】为了提高夏季高温环境下间接冷却塔的换热效果，减少水资源消耗，开展了喷雾增湿系统优化设计研究。【方法】本文以冷却塔为研究对象，建立了冷却塔扇形计算区域，采用全二阶多项式的标准响应面法创建响应面模型，分析了喷嘴单因素（流量、压力及张角）对换热量及剩余水流量的影响规律；以最大换热量及剩余水流量为零作为目标，采用多目标遗传算法（multi-objective genetic algorithm,MOGA）对不同环境温度下的喷嘴多参数进行目标优化。【结果】研究表明，喷嘴流量是影响换热量的最主要因素，增加喷嘴流量可显著提升换热效果。当喷嘴流量从1 g/s增加到15 g/s时，换热量从1 607.49 kW增加到1 742.53 kW，增幅为8.4%；喷嘴张角和喷嘴压力对剩余水流量的影响远大于对换热量的影响，当喷嘴张角从15°增加到67.5°时，剩余水流量从2.3 g/s减少到1.2 g/s，降幅为46%；当喷嘴压力从0.5 MPa增加到15.0 MPa时，剩余水流量从0.19 g/s增加到2.5 g/s，增幅高达1 175.6%;MOGA优化后，环境温度为20、25、30和35℃时，最优工况点，单位喷嘴流量下换热量分别为2 053.83、1 856.55、1 605.38和1 499.94 kJ/kg，且随温度升高呈递减趋势。【结论】本研究为夏季高温环境下间接空冷系统的高效运行提供了理论支持与工程优化方案。
Abstract：[Objective] In order to enhance the heat transfer effect of indirect cooling tower in high temperature environment in summer and reduce the consumption of water resources, the optimization design of spray humidification system was carried out. [Methods] In this paper, the cooling tower is taken as the research object, and the fan-shaped calculation area of the cooling tower is established. The standard response surface method of the full second-order polynomial is used to create the response surface model. The influence of nozzle single factor(flow rate, pressure and opening angle) on heat transfer and residual water flow is analyzed. The multi-objective genetic algorithm(MOGA) is used to optimize the multi-parameter of the nozzle at different ambient temperatures with the maximum heat transfer and residual water flow as the target. [Results] The results show that the nozzle flow rate is the most important factor affecting the heat transfer, and increasing the nozzle flow rate can significantly improve the heat transfer effect. When the nozzle flow rate increased from 1 g/s to 15 g/s, the heat transfer increased from 1 607.49 kW to 1 742.53 kW, an increase of 8.4%. The influence of nozzle opening angle and nozzle pressure on the residual water flow is much greater than that on the heat transfer. When the nozzle opening angle increases from 15° to 67.5°, the residual water flow decreases from 2.3 g/s to 1.2 g/s, with a decrease of 46%. When the nozzle pressure increases from 0.5 MPa to 15 MPa, the residual water flow increases from 0.19 g/s to 2.5 g/s, with an increase of 1 175.6%. After MOGA optimization, when the ambient temperature is 20, 25, 30, 35 ℃, the heat transfer per unit nozzle flow at the optimal operating point is 2 053.83, 1 856.55, 1 605.38 and 1 499.94 kJ/kg, respectively, and decreases with the increase of temperature. [Conclusion] This study provides theoretical support and engineering optimization scheme for the efficient operation of indirect air cooling system under high temperature environment in summer.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.03.002
中图分类号:TU991.42;TP18
引用信息:
[1]陈阳,王磊,张鑫,等.基于多目标遗传算法的间接空冷塔喷雾增湿系统优化设计[J].电力科技与环保,2026,42(03):357-371.DOI:10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.03.002.
基金信息:
国家能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司科技项目（TY2024Y01）
2026-06-15
2026-06-15