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【目的】锅炉深度调峰过程中容易出现水冷壁水动力不足、壁温波动幅度大及相邻管温差大等问题，为提升锅炉在低负荷运行时的安全性能，需要对水冷壁的运行状况特别是热偏差问题开展研究。【方法】本文以某1 000 MW超超临界双切圆锅炉为研究对象，采用水动力计算、炉内温度场数值模拟及水冷壁应力计算等方法，分析了水冷壁在深调过程中的热偏差与应力分布，并进一步探讨锅炉的深度调峰策略。【结果】研究表明，水冷壁运行的安全性是制约锅炉进一步深调的重要因素。数值模拟显示，受燃烧组织影响，炉膛前后墙相邻水冷壁管温差与应力最大值出现位置相同，均出现在“热角”区域，与水动力计算结果相一致。30%锅炉最大连续蒸发量（boiler maximum continuous rating,BMCR）负荷下，炉膛前墙水冷壁管壁温差最大达到121.97℃，炉膛后墙水冷壁管壁温差最大达到53.36℃；在30%BMCR负荷下，“热角”区域水冷壁管应力达到129.99 MPa，接近材料屈服极限。深调过程中适当提前进行“干态-湿态”转换可缓解热偏差，但会降低机组经济性与设备安全性。【结论】对水冷壁结构实施改造并优化调控策略是解决热偏差问题的关键途径，可有效保障锅炉在深度调峰过程中的运行安全，为机组灵活、稳定运行提供可靠支撑。
Abstract：[Objective] In the process of deep peak regulation of boiler, it is easy to have problems such as insufficient hydrodynamic force of water wall, large fluctuation range of wall temperature and large temperature difference between adjacent pipes. In order to improve the safety performance of boiler under low load operation, it is necessary to study the operation condition of water wall, especially the thermal deviation. [Methods] In this paper, a 1 000 MW ultrasupercritical double tangential boiler is taken as the research object. The thermal deviation and stress distribution of the water wall in the deep adjustment process are analyzed by means of hydrodynamic calculation, numerical simulation of the temperature field in the furnace and stress calculation of the water wall, and the deep peak shaving strategy of the boiler is further discussed. [Results] The research shows that the safety of water wall operation is an important factor restricting the further deep adjustment of the boiler. The numerical simulation shows that due to the influence of the combustion organization, the temperature difference and the maximum stress of the water wall tube adjacent to the front and rear walls of the furnace are the same, both appear in the 'hot corner' area, which is consistent with the hydrodynamic calculation results. Under 30% boiler maximum continuous rating(BMCR) load, the maximum temperature difference of the water wall tube wall of the front wall of the furnace reaches 121.97 ℃, and the maximum temperature difference of the water wall tube wall of the back wall of the furnace reaches 53.36 ℃. Under 30% BMCR load, the stress of the water wall tube in the 'hot corner' area reaches 129.99 MPa, which is close to the yield limit of the material. In the process of deep adjustment, the 'dry-wet' conversion in advance can alleviate the thermal deviation, but it will reduce the unit economy and equipment safety. [Conclusion] The key way to solve the problem of thermal deviation is to transform the water wall structure and optimize the control strategy, which can effectively guarantee the operation safety of the boiler in the process of deep peak regulation and provide reliable support for the flexible and stable operation of the unit.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.03.013
中图分类号:TM621.2
引用信息:
[1]寇海强,马国伟,马海星.某1000 MW超超临界双切圆锅炉深度调峰水冷壁水动力及壁温特性分析[J].电力科技与环保,2026,42(03):471-481.DOI:10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.03.013.
基金信息:
国家能源投资集团科技项目（GJNY-24-38）
2026-06-15
2026-06-15