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【目的】超临界二氧化碳循环(supercritical carbon dioxide cycle,S-CO2)由于主动调节或者外部影响,循环经常工作在部分负荷下,而控制策略的研究对分析部分负荷特性十分关键。为研究控制策略对循环效率及设备性能的印象,需要采用新的控制策略。【方法】本文以20 MW S-CO2再压缩循环(recompression cycle,RC)模型,运用拆分法将RC解耦为两个单回热子循环1和2(simple Bryton cycle one and two,简称SC1和SC2),进而对库存控制、透平旁路控制、透平节流阀控制和温度控制4种常见的部分负荷控制策略进行分析,探究部分负荷下不同控制策略的循环效率以及设备性能变化特点。【结果】在部分负荷时,单独来看,SC2效率变化的趋势会对RC产生很大影响。对比来看,库存控制和温度控制的调节范围最大,最低到30%,随后是透平节流阀控制和透平旁路控制,最低到35%和50%。RC效率从高到低分别为库存控制、透平节流阀控制、透平旁路控制和温度控制,其中最高为库存控制95%负荷时的效率44.80%,最低为温度控制30%负荷时的效率16.85%。回热效果最好的为库存控制,回热量从460.11 kJ/kg增加到583.66 kJ/kg,透平节流阀控制和透平旁路控制的回热量变化趋势几乎相同,温度控制最差,回热量从460.11 kJ/kg减小到187.42 kJ/kg。温度控制和透平旁路控制的压缩机效率变化最小,均在0.77%以内,而库存控制和透平节流阀控制下的压缩机效率变化较大,均在1.13%以上。对于透平效率,以50%负荷为例,透平效率从大到小分别为透平节流阀控制84.6%、透平旁路控制83.90%、库存控制81.67%和温度控制78.77%。【结论】本文从拆分法的角度探究了4种常见的部分负荷控制策略,为探明S-CO2循环部分负荷控制策略提供了支撑。
Abstract：[Objective] The supercritical carbon dioxide cycle(S-CO2) often works under partial load due to active regulation or external influence, and the study of control strategy is very important for analyzing partial load characteristics. In order to study the impression of control strategy on cycle efficiency and equipment performance, a new control strategy is needed. [Methods] In this paper, based on the 20 MW S-CO2 recompression cycle(RC) model, the RC is decoupled into two simple Bryton cycle: one and two(SC1 and SC2) by using the splitting method. Then, four common partial load control strategies of inventory control, turbine bypass control, turbine throttling valve control and turbine inlet temperature control are analyzed, and the cycle efficiency and equipment performance characteristics of different control strategies under partial load are explored. [Results] At partial load, the trend of SC2 efficiency change will have a great impact on RC alone. In contrast, the adjustment range of inventory control and temperature control is the largest, as low as 30%, followed by turbine throttle control and turbine bypass control, as low as 35% and 50%. The RC efficiency from high to low is inventory control, turbine throttle control, turbine bypass control and temperature control. The highest efficiency is 44.80% at 95% load of inventory control, and the lowest efficiency is 16.85% at 30% load of temperature control. The best heat recovery effect is inventory control, and the heat recovery increases from 460.11 kJ/kg to 583.66 kJ/kg. The heat recovery trends of turbine throttle valve control and turbine bypass control are almost the same, and the temperature control is the worst. The heat recovery decreases from 460.11 kJ/kg to 187.42 kJ/kg. The change of compressor efficiency under temperature control and turbine bypass control is the smallest, both within 0.77%, while the change of compressor efficiency under inventory control and turbine throttle control is larger, both above 1.13%. For turbine efficiency, taking 50% load as an example, the turbine efficiency from large to small is 84.6% for turbine throttle control, 83.90% for turbine bypass control, 81.67% for inventory control and 78.77% for temperature control. [Conclusion] This study explores four typical part-load control strategies from the perspective of cycle decomposition, providing support for the development and optimization of part-load control strategies in S-CO2 cycles.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2025.06.001
中图分类号:TM62
引用信息:
[1]常诚,徐进良,孙恩慧.基于拆分法的超临界二氧化碳循环部分负荷控制策略分析[J].电力科技与环保,2025,41(06):865-877.DOI:10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2025.06.001.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(52206010)